Sven Larsson Bergström, 1832,
Borgholms Kungsladugård , Räpplinge, Öland, Kalmar, Sweden Sven Larsson Bergström, 1832,
Borgholms Kungsladugård , Räpplinge, Öland, Kalmar, SwedenSven Larsson, Bergström , born in the village of Borgholms Kungsladugård , in Räpplinge parish the 9 th of November in 1832
Father;
Lars Svensson, Bergström , worker, born in the village of Horns Kungsladugård in Högby parish the 15 th of January in 1802, dead in the village of Nystue in Hellvi parish (Gotland) the 14 th of October in 1868. He was son to the crofter, Sven Larsson and his wife Kerstin Bengsdotter.
Married in the parish of Högsrum the 25 th of March in 1826, with Helena Lindgren,
In 1826 at the ages of 24 Lars Svensson leaves his parents, brother and sisters and goes to the village of Rönnerum , Högsrum parish. He married in March the same year. The family stays only two years in Högsrum parish. In 1830 moved the family to Borgholms Kungsgård in Räpplinge parish. In 1834 the family left Räpplinge parish moved to Gotland , to the village of Nystue in Hellvi parish.
The crofter – “Berget” Horns Kungsgård, Sven Larsson, born in the village of Ranstad in Högby parish the 28 th of April in 1777, dead in Horns Kungsgård the 4 th of June in 1835, son of allotment sea man, Lars Unge (born as Lars Saktmodig ** see below) and his wife Maria Persdotter .
Married in Högby parish the 9 th of December in 1798.
In older times and all the way to the 1660´s sea men were obtained to the Swedish Naval Forces by recruitmen t. Mostly from abroad .
During the 1640´s the so called Allotment System came into use. Through a decision, all the parishes that lied within a Swedish mile from the coast should form one navy allotment. The purpose of this was that Sweden always should have a trained navy. The lowest age to be appointed as a sea man was 16 and the upper limit was 36.
The parishes were divided into files and every file had to support one allotment sea man. On Öland one file usually contained 4 homesteads . It had as a result that there were many farmers who had to help each other with the wages benefits for one allotment sea man.
Through this system neither the farmers or their sons needed to be mobilised to active service. The allotment sea men on Öland, apart from the ones on the mainland, had to provide themselves with their own crofters holding. The allotment sea men on Öland were divided into two companies, the 1 st Company (the north part of Öland) and the 2 nd Company (the south part of Öland).
The allotment sea men should usually be in active service for one year and then be off duty for two years. During wartime they had to be in service for as long as the war lasted.When the allotment sea men were in active service they were stationed at Karlskrona naval port. They went from Öland to Karlskrona by boat.
At home, when the sea man was off duty, he took care of his little crofters holding, worked for the farmers or maybe practised a workmanship.
The social structures during the 18 th and 19 th centuries were such that you stuck with your own social class. The farmers sons became farmers themselves and married other farmers daughters. You didn't pass the borders of the social group that you belonged to. That was often the case with the allotment sea men too.
Kungsladugårdarna on the island of Öland
Kungsgårdarna or Kungsladugårdarna are among the oldest of the states agricultural estates. Most of them are know since the Middle Age. These estates had an excessive farming, to which the peasants in the region had to contribute so called dagsverken (periods of labour on fields, in forests etc)
They also had to maintain and build so called Kungshus (Royal houses) Kungsladugårdarna were mainly built for cattle landing, on Öland keeping of sheep was the most important. On Öland we have 3 kungsladugårdar , at the south end lies Ottenby, Borgholm is at the middle of the island and up north you find Horn.
From the end of the 17 th centaury these farms were leased, as a rule by members of the nobility.
Kungsgårdarna owned a number of torps (crofter holdings). At Horn, there your father´s father ……..Lars Bergström was born, the torps (crofter holdings) surrounded the main estate. The torps were mostly leased for a long period of time (49 years). The fee was paid in dagsverken . These dagsverken were very important to the person who had the contract for the Kungsgård, and were counted as an asset, when the fee for the Kungsgård was made up.
Of course the torpare (the crofter) wanted to perform as few dagsverken as possible, at least no more than he owned the contractor. This was the subject of many legal disputes. In 1937 the latest land-leaser left Horns Kungsgård and the estate was sold to a private person.
Today the State once again is its owner.
(source: Lasse Sjöberg, Öland)
Hieronder staan enige vertalingen van zowel engels als zweedse termen:
**
Waarom verander je je naam van Saktmodig naar Unger als je soldaat bent.
saktmodig, saktmodigt, saktmodiga
bijv. naamw.
saktmodig: en-vorm
zachtmoedig
unge, ungen, ungar, ungarna
zelfst. naamw.
unge: enkelvoud
1. jong (van een dier)
2. <informeel> kind
ung, ungt, unga
bijv. naamw.
unge: mannelijk
jong
Vertaling van een Zweeds woord: kungsgårdarna
Dit lijkt een samenstelling: kung + gårdarna.
kung, kungen, kungar, kungarna
zelfst. naamw.
kung: enkelvoud
1. koning
2. heer (in kaartspel)
gård, gården, gårdar, gårdarna
zelfst. naamw.
gårdarna: meervoud (bep. vorm)
1. binnenplaats
2. boerderij
3. halo
Vertaling van een Zweeds woord: kungsladugårdarna
Dit lijkt een samenstelling: kung + ladugårdarna.
kung, kungen, kungar, kungarna
zelfst. naamw.
kung: enkelvoud
1. koning
2. heer (in kaartspel)
ladugård, ladugården, ladugårdar, ladugårdarna
zelfst. naamw.
ladugårdarna: meervoud (bep. vorm)
stal
allotment
one of the subdivisions of a larger piece of public ground rented to individuals to grow vegetables, etc.
Dutch: perceel (het)
homestead
noun
1. A dwelling-house and its surrounding land and buildings.
Thesaurus: estate, manor, grange.
2. Any such estate where one lives.(N Amer, especially US)
3. An area of land (usually about 65ha) granted to a settler for development as a farm.
Etymology: Anglo-Saxon hamstede
wage
(often wages ) a regular, especially daily or weekly rather than monthly, payment from an employer to an employee, especially an unskilled or semi-skilled one
croft
noun
1. Especially in the Scottish Highlands: a small piece of enclosed farmland attached to a house.
Derivative: crofter
noun
Derivative: crofting
noun
The practice of farming such a small-holding.
Etymology: Anglo-Saxon
peasant
in poor agricultural societies: a farm worker or small farmer